{"id":43215,"date":"2023-07-26T07:57:35","date_gmt":"2023-07-26T15:57:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/?p=43215"},"modified":"2023-08-01T07:30:59","modified_gmt":"2023-08-01T15:30:59","slug":"what-we-didnt-see-in-oppenheimer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/2023\/07\/26\/what-we-didnt-see-in-oppenheimer\/","title":{"rendered":"What We Didn&#8217;t See in <I>Oppenheimer<\/I>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><i>Reprinted with permission from Greg Mitchell&#8217;s newsletter <a href=\"https:\/\/oppenheimer2023.substack.com\/\">Oppenheimer: From Hiroshima to Hollywood<\/a>.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Strong response to this new bloggy newsletter and my various articles and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=HKEtLdfPQLk\" rel=\"\">media appearances<\/a> in past week or so has been gratifying, especially since it has drawn attention to key issues surrounding nuclear dangers that I have been raising since, oh, 1982. Among other things, there\u2019s been a run on my book \u201c<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/ATOMIC-COVER-UP-Soldiers-Hiroshima-Nagasaki-ebook\/dp\/B005CKK9IG\/?_encoding=UTF8&amp;pd_rd_w=2Pn6B&amp;content-id=amzn1.sym.ed85217c-14c9-4aa0-b248-e47393e2ce12&amp;pf_rd_p=ed85217c-14c9-4aa0-b248-e47393e2ce12&amp;pf_rd_r=133-5141027-1004156&amp;pd_rd_wg=IRLcE&amp;pd_rd_r=3e28261d-a15a-40b3-b316-c35c11a71086&amp;ref_=aufs_ap_sc_dsk\" rel=\"\">Atomic Cover-up<\/a><\/em>,\u201d whose story really launched my nuclear obsession that year. I also enjoyed Will Bunch at the <em>Philadelphia Inquirer<\/em> hailing me as \u201cpioneering rock journalist.\u201d Now<em> that<\/em> is another story\u2026<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019m also getting <em>Oppenheimer<\/em>-related \u201ctips,\u201d including this one (although I had to dig up the footage) from BookLockdown over at the Site Formerly Known as Twitter. I complained here yesterday, and in previous posts and an article, that while Christopher Nolan briefly shows Oppenheimer in a screening room watching film from post-bomb Hiroshima, he only covers his facial reaction, not the footage. Not even a glimpse. It\u2019s a critical omission in the movie; Nolan could have shot it a number of ways that would have been powerful and not overwhelmingly graphic.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Well, an almost exact scene, and with the same side camera angle on Oppie, was included long ago in the first TV series on the physicist, from the BBC and PBS in 1979, <em>Oppenheimer<\/em>, starring Sam Waterston. There, Oppie and others (including Gen. Groves) watch in silence as images from Hiroshima unspool on the screen, but in that case we do see some of the victims: grainy, and no dead bodies, but at least one may get the idea that, as in real life, the vast majority were women and kids. Here is part of the scene, which includes&#8217; Groves\u2019 response.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/t6r4QlQoCn4\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Yesterday, I observed the anniversary this week of our second atomic test in the Pacific. But what about the first one? That came earlier in July, in the Bikini Atoll, following the forced removal of all 167 of its tribal residents. Robert Oppenheimer had decided not to play the role of distinguished eyewitness. He had seen more than enough at Trinity.<\/p>\n<p>That first Hiroshima-sized bomb at Bikini was set off above a fleet of antiquated ships, testing its power at sea, on July 1. This was not without controversy. Few in the media cared what happened to the Bikinian natives, but some worried the blast might ignite the atmosphere, trigger tidal waves, or create a fissure in the earth\u2019s crust. Newspapers carried witty accounts of Los Angeles residents planning to enjoy picnics high in the hills on the day of the blast instead of by the beach in case a tsunami rose from the ocean.<\/p>\n<p>Oppenheimer had explained in a message to Truman that he had severe \u201cmisgivings\u201d about the tests, which were shared by many other scientists. If the purpose of the test was to judge how vessels might survive \u2013 well, no such blast was needed: \u201cIf an atomic bomb comes close enough to a ship . . . it will sink it.\u201d For just one percent of the projected $100 million cost for the tests \u201cone could obtain more useful information.\u201d As for the radiation studies: they, too, could be obtained more accurately and cheaply in a lab. And why a \u201ctrivial\u201d test at sea? Everyone knew the purpose of the new weapon (as the world had already been shown, by Truman himself) \u201clies in their use for the bombardment of cities.\u201d Most importantly, Oppenheimer questioned \u201cthe appropriateness of a purely military test of atomic weapons, at a time when our plans for effectively eliminating them from national armaments are in their earliest beginnings.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Truman was not swayed. He forwarded the letter to Acting Secretary of State Acheson, reminding him that this was the same \u201ccrybaby scientist\u201d who claimed he had blood on his hands when they met in the Oval Office the previous October (as shown in Nolan\u2019s movie). \u201cI think he has concocted himself an alibi in this letter,\u201d Truman decided.<\/p>\n<p>Film on the test and tragedy of the offloaded islanders:<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NjqoiT-RS4A\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Every year at this time over at my <a href=\"http:\/\/gregmitchellwriter.blogspot.com\/\" rel=\"\">Pressing Issues<\/a> blog, I publish a Countdown to Hiroshima, a look at what happened each day in 1945 leading up to the atomic attack. Today\u2019s entry is fairly noteworthy, adapted below:<\/p>\n<p><i>\u2013 Early on July 26, Chief of Staff Gen. George Marshall cabled to Gen. Leslie Groves back in Washington, DC, his approval of a directive sent by Groves the night before. It read: \u201c1. The 509th Composite Group, Twentieth Air Force, will deliver its first special bomb as soon as weather will permit visual bombing after about 3 August 1945 on one of the targets: Hiroshima, Kokura, Nigata and Nagasaki\u2026. 2. Additional bombs will be delivered on the above targets as soon as made ready by the project staff\u2026..\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>This unthinking, assembly-line approach would have tragic consequences for the city of Nagasaki.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>Oddly, in a 1946 letter to former Secretary of War Henry Stimson, who was preparing his soon-to-be influential cover story in <em>Harper\u2019s<\/em> defending the decision to drop the bomb, Truman reminded him that he had ordered the bombs used against cities engaged \u201cexclusively\u201d in war work. Truman would later write in his memoirs, \u201cWith this order the the wheels were set in motion for the first use of an atomic weapon against a military target.\u201d Even years after the decision, and all the evidence (largely kept from the American people) that Hiroshima and Nagasaki were only partly \u201cmilitary\u201d targets, and 170,000 or more civilians perished, Truman still acted otherwise.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>\u2013 The other major event from this day was equally significant. The Potsdam Declaration was issued in Germany by the United States, Britain and China. The Soviet Union was still not at war with Japan but agreed to enter the conflict by mid-August 8. (This has led some to suggest that we used the bombs quickly to try to end the war before the Russians could claim much new territory.) It was Truman\u2019s first key wartime conference with other top leaders.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>The declaration ordered Japan to surrender immediately and unconditionally or face a reign of ruin \u2013 \u201cprompt and utter destruction\u201d \u2013 although the new weapon was not mentioned (such a warning had been considered by Truman but rejected). Much was made of the importance of the \u201cunconditional\u201d aspect but three weeks later, after the use of the new bombs, we accepted a major condition, allowing the Japanese to keep their emperor \u2013 and still called the surrender \u201cunconditional.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>Some historians believe that if we had agreed to that condition earlier, Japan might have started the surrender process after the Soviets entered the war and before the use of the atomic bombs. Others believe an explicit warning to the Japanese, or a demonstration of the new weapon offshore in Japan, would have speeded the surrender process. But the Potsdam Declaration set US policy in stone.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve been a major Bob Dylan fan going back, ouch, 60 years now. His early bomb-soaked songs such as \u201cHard Rain\u201d and \u201cTalking World War 3 Blues\u201d no doubt had some impact on my view of nuclear dangers, then and later. So it was interesting to come upon his comments in a <em><a href=\"https:\/\/draft.blogger.com\/#\" rel=\"\">Rolling Stone<\/a><\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/draft.blogger.com\/#\" rel=\"\"> interview<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><i>Dylan:<\/i><\/em><i> For some reason, the 1950s and 1960s interest people now. A part of the reason, if not the whole reason, is the atom bomb. The atom bomb fueled the entire world that came after it. It showed that indiscriminate killing and indiscriminate homicide on a mass level was possible . . . whereas if you look at warfare up until that point, you had to see somebody to shoot them or maim them, you had to look at them. You don\u2019t have to do that anymore.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i><strong>With the atom bomb, man \u2013 suddenly, and for the first time \u2013 had the power to utterly destroy mankind.<\/strong><\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>I think so. I\u2019m sure that fueled all aspects of society. I know it gave rise to the music we were playing. If you look at all these early performers, they were atom-bomb-fueled. Jerry Lee, Carl Perkins, Buddy Holly, Elvis, Gene Vincent, Eddie Cochran . . .<\/i><\/p>\n<p><i><strong>How were they atom-bomb-fueled?<\/strong><\/i><\/p>\n<p><i>They were fast and furious, their songs were all on the edge. Music was never like that before, Lyrically, you had the blues singers, but Ma Rainey wasn\u2019t singing about the stuff that Carl Perkins and Jerry Lee were singing about, nobody was singing with that type of fire and destruction. They paid a heavy price for that, because obviously the older generation took notice and kind of got rid of them as quickly as they could recognize them. Jerry Lee got ostracized, Chuck Berry went to jail, Elvis, of course, we know what happened to him. Buddy Holly in a plane crash, Little Richard, all that stuff . . .<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Dylan\u2019s first performance on TV of \u201cHard Rain\u201d in 1963, below about the time I discovered him\u2026.And <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/h3vt_Zztw_U\" rel=\"\">here you can listen<\/a> as they performs \u201cMasters of War\u201d in\u2026.Hiroshima.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hXn9ZKPx6CY\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><b>Thanks for reading <a href=\"https:\/\/oppenheimer2023.substack.com\/\">Oppenheimer: From Hiroshima to Hollywood!<\/a> Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><i>Greg Mitchell is the author of a dozen books, including \u201cHiroshima in America,\u201d and the recent award-winning <\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Beginning-End-Hollywood-Learned-Worrying\/dp\/1620975734\">The Beginning or the End: How Hollywood \u2013 and America \u2013 Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb<\/a><i>, and has directed three documentary films since 2021, including two for PBS (plus award-winning \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/gregmitchphoto.com\/atomic-cover-up\/\">Atomic Cover-up<\/a>\u201d). He has written widely about the atomic bomb and atomic bombings, and their aftermath, for over forty years. He writes often at <a href=\"https:\/\/oppenheimer2023.substack.com\/\">Oppenheimer: From Hiroshima to Hollywood<\/a>.<\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reprinted with permission from Greg Mitchell&#8217;s newsletter Oppenheimer: From Hiroshima to Hollywood. Strong response to this new bloggy newsletter and my various articles and media appearances in past week or so has been gratifying, especially since it has drawn attention to key issues surrounding nuclear dangers that I have been raising since, oh, 1982. Among [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":466,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-43215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"meta_box":{"disable_donate_message":"","custom_donate_message":"","subtitle":"Nearly identical scene with crucial images (from 1979), plus Bob Dylan on the Bomb, and more...."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/466"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43215"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43308,"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43215\/revisions\/43308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43215"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.antiwar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=43215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}