Will the Bush presidency end as did Wilson's?
Will George W. Bush be defending to his dying day, against the pitiless
evidence of events, his "global democratic revolution"?
Contingent upon what happens in Afghanistan and Iraq, that may well be
his fate. For, as Bush's strength is Wilson's strength, his flaw is Wilson's
flaw. Both men promised an earthly utopia through liberty and free elections.
Both worshipped the golden calf called democracy.
Scholar Marvin Olasky describes Clemenceau's reaction as Wilson rhapsodized
at Versailles about how his vision of self-determination and a League of Nations
would realize for mankind its ancient dream of world peace [.pdf].
"Wilson's 'most extraordinary outburst,' according to Lloyd George,
came when he explained the failure of Christianity to achieve its higher ideals.
'Jesus Christ so far [has] not succeeded in inducing the world to follow His
teaching,' Wilson stated, 'because He taught the ideal without devising any
practical scheme to carry out his aims.'
"In Lloyd George's account, Clemenceau slowly opened his dark eyes
to their widest dimension and swept them around the Assembly to see how the
Christians gathered around the table enjoyed this exposure of the futility of
their Master."
As with Wilson, Bush's belief in the salvific power of free elections has
become near religious. He has told staff he believes that, 50 years from now,
he will be remembered for his "forward strategy of freedom." His inaugural address
is to be about liberty. In the Oval Office last week, he elaborated on how democracy
was going to transform the Middle East:
"I believe democracy can take hold in parts of the world that have
been condemned to tyranny. And I believe when democracies take hold, it leads
to peace. That's been the proven example around the world. Democracies equal
peace."
But is this true? The American republic was the most democratic on earth
in 1860 when the Confederate states voted to secede and the Union invaded and
crushed them at a cost of 600,000 dead.
Never was democracy more advanced in Europe than in August 1914, when the
continent plunged into the bloodiest war in history. The Weimar republic was
the most democratic government Germany ever knew. It ushered in Hitler. If Europe
is peaceful, is it because she is democratic, or because she bled herself almost
to death between 1914 and 1945, and collapsed in exhaustion?
Democracy has taken root in offshore Asia, but not China, Vietnam, or Burma.
In Africa and the Arab world, there is virtually no democracy. What was there
vanished. In Latin America, it has given us Hugo Chavez. Israel is democratic,
but she has fought five Arab wars and two intifadas against the Palestinians
in half a century. In Ukraine, free elections have given us Yushchenko; in Russia,
Putin.
George Bush has wagered his presidency on two wars to introduce democracy
to nations that have never known it: Afghanistan and Iraq. But, in such nations,
men consign their fortunes to elections only when things they hold far dearer
are not imperiled.
The Afghan warlords accept Hamid Karzai because U.S. guns back him up,
U.S. aid pours in, and they have been allowed to revive a heroin poppy trade
that enriches them. Eradicate the poppy fields and shut down the drug trafficking,
and we will discover how committed to democracy the Afghan warlords and their
warriors really are.
Ayatollah Sistani favors elections in Iraq because he expects the majority
Shia to win and take power. The Sunni, like the South Africans, resist elections
because they mean their dispossession. Would the Kurds consign their fate to
elections if they knew the Arabs would force them back under Baghdad?
As James L. Payne writes in The
American Conservative, it took centuries before a politics of violence
gave way to a politics of peace in England. What evidence is there that we can
telescope evolution into a few short years in Iraq and Afghanistan?
How did we succeed in Italy, Germany, and Japan?
As Payne relates, Mussolini, Hitler, and the Japanese militarists of the
1920s and 1930s interrupted long eras of a politics of peace. The process of
evolving democracy could be renewed once the thuggish regimes were removed.
But a politics of peace has never existed in Afghanistan or Iraq.
Yet, Bush has gambled his presidency, the lives of our soldiers, the prestige
of the U.S. military, and our superpower standing in the world on the questionable
proposition that democracy will, under our tutelage, take root rapidly in desert
soil where it has never sprouted before.
Wilson did not live to see the consequences of the disastrous peace he
brought home from Versailles. President Bush, however, will likely reap the
fruits, or witness the futility and failure of his great gamble, before he leaves
office.
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